Coal & fertilizers

 

My preliminary results show that some Indonesian coal investors have increased their fortune by 5 times in 2023. Some fertilizer investors are from Russia too.

INVESTMENTS IN MINING AND METALLURGY. WHAT DO THE RICHEST PEOPLE CHOOSE?  Forbes World's Billionaires List  2021(1-1000):
1. Coal
2. Steel, iron ore
3. Copper
4. Gold
5. Aluminium, bauxite
6. Silver
7. Limestone
8. Zinc
9. Fertilizers
10. Nickel
11. Cobalt
12. Platinum, molybdenum
13. Palladium, diamond
14. Quartz, sand
15. Lead,  tungsten, uranium

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

CLASSIFICATION OF RAW MATERIALS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS (REE)

CLASSIFICATION OF RAW MATERIALS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS (REE)
Author of the classification is Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya, 2023

RAW MATERIALS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS (REE)
1. Rare earth element deposits
1.1. Primary deposits (More than 450 deposits)
1.2. Placer deposits (or Alluvial):
1.2.1. Marine deposits (or Ocean deposits) (More than 170 deposits)
 1.2.2. Fluvial deposits (More than 58 deposits)
1.3. Ion-adsorption clays (IAC) deposits (or Ionic clay deposits)

2. Waste
2.1. Industrial waste (Pit water, Phosphogypsum, Coal ash)
2.2. Secondary raw materials

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

 

CLASSIFICATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS (REE) DEPOSIT TYPES

CLASSIFICATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS (REE) DEPOSIT TYPES
Author of the classification is Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya, 2023
Rare earth element deposits
1. Primary deposits (More than 450 deposits)
2. Placer deposits (or Alluvial):
2.1. Marine deposits (or ocean deposits) (More than 170 deposits)
 2.2. Fluvial deposits (More than 58 deposits)
3. Ion-adsorption clays (IAC) deposits (or Ionic clay deposits)
Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

What deposits do you know? What fields are the most promising? In what countries? Why?

 We know more than 681 deposits of REE in 79 countries to date. The 450 occurrence this primary deposits of REE.

Distribution of deposits by continent:
Asia - 32%
America - 23% (North America - 16%)
Europe - 17%
Africa - 16%
Australia - 12%

The greatest number of REE primary deposits by country:
Russia - 94 (of 96 deposits)
USA - 54 (of 80 deposits)
China - 19 (of 34 deposits)
Brazil - 16 (of 37 deposits)
Australia - 9 (of 75 deposits)

Countries that have 9-15 REE deposits:
Asia - Sri Lanka, Vietnam, India, Myanmar (these countries have mainly alluvial deposits), Saudi Arabia
Africa - Mozambique, South Africa, Angola, Madagascar, Namibia
Europe - France, Ukraine, Sweden, Norway
North America - Canada, Greenland (Denmark)

Countries that have all types of REE deposits (primary deposits, alluvial and fluvial placers:
   USA
   China
   Brazil

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

 

The mechanism of action of flotation reagents

 Dear colleagues, specialists, friends.
I propose to discuss an interesting topic. What is the most important thing in the reagent flotation mode? Share your opinion! We will all be very interested to know what is the main thing at your plant? What do you pay the most attention to? Have a nice chat!

The mechanism of action of flotation reagents and the intended effect depends on:
1. Type of flotation reagents, dosage and order of addition.
2. Method of preparation of flotation reagents.
3. Use independently or as a mixture with other flotation reagents.
4. Conditioning time of the flotation reagents with the pulp.
5. Addition points for flotation reagents.
6. Type of minerals and particle size.
7. Presence in the mineral of fine, ultrafine particles, clays.
8. Hardness of water and type of machinery.
9. Circuit configuration and circulating load.
10. Conditioning time.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

What minerals did you find?

 The USGS names the following critical minerals: " barite, fluorite, graphite". USGS believes that helium gas is also a mineral.

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION names the following critical minerals: "Coking coal, feldspar, fluorspar, natural graphite, talc".

ESRC Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy, Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics and Political Science, University of Leeds names the following critical minerals: "coking coal, barite, bentonite, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, magnesite, natural graphite, talc".

The World Bank and ICMM did not find critical minerals

What minerals did you find?

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

Compressor-type flotation machine

 FLOTATION MACHINES WITH VARIABLE PRESSURE
Compressor-type flotation machine
Jameson cell (Australia)
EcoFlot (Germany)
G-Cell (Cell Gyratory)
Imhoflot
Aminpro
Machines dissolved air flotation (DAF)
Pneuflot (Humboldt-Wedag) (Germany)

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

In fact, each of my classifications is a "Petrovsky's Matrix"

In fact, each of my classifications is a "Petrovsky's Matrix"- They are very easy to program.
For example, flotation machines of this type can be interchanged with each other.
Ferced aeration mechanical flotation machines are flotation machines, in which pulp aeration is done by compressed air consumption, but dispersion of air and pulp mixture is made by a rotating rotor.
   DOOR-OLIVER cells (FLSmidth, USA)
   BQR (South Africa)
   RCS (Metso, Finland)
   Denver DR (Made in USA)
   AGITAIR (USA)
   BCS (Minemet, France)
   Humboldt Wedag (Germany)
   RIVS (Russia)
   IZ (Poland)
   AKER (Norway)
   Outotec, Outokumpu (Finland)

 Supercell flotation machines
In concentrator plants where the minerals are treated with low-grade and high capacity flotation machines of high volume (5000-240000 tpd). Flotation cells up to 600 m3 making more use of trademarks:
   SuperCellTM (FLSmidth, USA)
   RCS flotation cells (Metso, Finland)
What flotation machines do you have in your plant?

What flotation machines do you have in your plant?

Flotation machines of this type can be interchanged with each other.
Self-aerated mechanical flotation machines, subareation cell, self-aerating machines, self-aerating cell, self-aerating tanks, self-aerated cell, sub-aerated cell, self aspirated cell
Self-aerated mechanical flotation machines are flotation machines, in which aeration and pulp mixture is done by a rotating rotor.
To self machines belong cells brands:
WEMCO (FLSmidth; USA)
Celda DENVER Sub-A. (USA).
Gumbold (Germany)
Wormen (Australia)
AGITAIR-Galigher
WS-Morococha (Perú).
BQR DELKOR
BOOTH (USA)
MAXWELL (Canada)

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

 

Progressive flotation machines and auxiliary equipment of the world

 Dear Colleagues!
I am writing a book “Progressive flotation machines and auxiliary equipment of the world”. This information will be used to create algorithms and programs within the “Mineral Benefication Information System” for the selection and calculation of equipment for flotation. I need information about your equipment and your services.

I create “Mineral Benefication Information System” by the following criteria:
1. The design and principle of operation of the flotation machine
2. What physical processes occur in the flotation machine of this type.
3. Types of aeration used in this machine
4. For which types of flotation, you can use a flotation machine of this type. Expansion of the scope of activities.
5. Improving flotation control
6. Advantages
7. Disadvantages
8. Prospects for modernization and improvement
9. Recommended reagent modes and schemes
10. Methods for calculating flotation machines
11. Other.
This data does not exist anywhere. I will analyze every machine myself. Often, manufacturers of flotation machines themselves do not know all the advantages of their machines, which limits the scope of their use.
Feel free to offer me everything you have not only for flotation, but also other equipment for the separation of minerals.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

Which lineup of flotation machines do you prefer?

 Friends and colleagues. I really enjoy our discussions. Which lineup of flotation machines do you prefer (equipment layout)? 1 or 2? Why?

 #1. 

We use one pump for the entire chain of flotation cells.

#2
а) We use one pump per flotation cell for large volume. If the volume of the cell is small, then we use one pump for 2, 4 cell.4 machines in the
b) You can alternately use, following order 1 - Self-aerated mechanical flotation machines and 3 Ferced aeration mechanical flotation machines.
c) You can install all Self-aerated mechanical flotation machines.

I found only one company that has cells of both types - this is the (FLSmidth, EE.UU.).
The rest of the companies will install their cells according to the first type. This is a forced necessity.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

Tell us how you repair equipment? What crane do you use?

 Dear Colleagues, Experts and Friends
We calculate the approximate height of the building in this way. The whole building needs to be heated in the winter. The height of the building depends on the overhead crane. You need to lift the largest equipment. There should be a clearance of 0.5 meters. Plus the roof.
In Chile, Peru, USA, Mexico they don't build buildings, they don't heat them.
Tell us how you repair equipment? What crane do you use?

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

 

Mountain education is for the poor

 Young people do not understand anything in the future. I did not listen to my dad, who told me to go to study at the oil university, and not at the mining one, I regret it all my life.
Your mining education is worth nothing. You have no equipment, no practitioners, nothing. Let them study to become an economist or a lawyer. More money will be made. Mountain education is for the poor.
WILL DIPLOMAS AND CERTIFICATES HELP YOU BECOME A BILLIONAIRE IN MINING AND METALLURGY? YES, IF IT IS DIPLOMAS OF ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS!

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

 

Flotation is used in mining, food processing, water purification, paper production, medicine

 A lot of combined and special flotation methods exist. Their use is very rare. They are used in mining, food processing, water purification, paper production, medicine.

Combined flotation
Floto-gravity (Flotogravity, flotation by vibratory masses)
Floto-clasification (Flotoclassification)
Floto-jigging (Flotojigging)
Flotation / Sedimentation
Flotation / Dehydration
Flotation / Filtration
Shear-flocculation/flotation
Foam fractionation
Flotation / Magnetic separation (Murex method)
Agglomeration-floatation
 Flotation / Dense media separation

Others :
Precipitate flotation, Ion-precipitate flotation, Biological flotation, Colloidal flotation, Adsorption colloidal flotation (ACF), Flotation of microorganisms by colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs), Microflotation, Ultraflotation (or piggyback flotation

Ph.D.Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

What is innovation for you?

 For everyone, the concept of "innovation" has its own meaning. What is innovation for you?
1. Technologies of copper-porphyry ore processing have been used for over 100 years, but they are "Innovative technologies" for Russian Copper Company?  They could not solve the problem of silicates for 100 years. Now this is your problem too.
2. They wrote on the site «The National University of Science and Technology "MISiS" (formerly Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys State Technological University»:
 «Innovative technology of smelting cast iron»
Can we read that technology is innovative, if she could not break into the market for 40 years?
I think not.
They say they can get a slag of a certain quality (Slag is a waste of pig iron production).
Why should I slag? I buy a stove to get cast iron.

 I will now write many formulas, and you will not even understand. And specialists from Switzerland and Germany will say that this is very good. You see just a gallery in Chile (canaletas abiertas), but I see an innovation that has been dreamed of in Russia for 50 years, they don't even know about it.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

Yes, in America they don’t know theory well, but practice always outstrips

 Imagine the gulf between Russia and America. In Russia, they dream of creating at least a small combined flotation-gravity unit in order to go down in history. They even gave drawings to China, just to make it., just to make it. And in Chile they have a gigantic industrial combined flotation-gravity installation and do not even understand how lucky they are, what a miracle they have.
And the Russians are still messing around in the laboratory, creating what Chile already has, only much better.
It was exactly the same 100 years ago with the agglomeration plant.
Yes, in America they don’t know theory well, but practice always outstrips.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

Natural floatability

This topic of "natural floatability" was studied by my colleagues in Russia 50-60 years ago, including me. It has not taken root anywhere and has not been used.

For example, talc has a natural floatability, and it is almost impossible to achieve anything. Therefore, they simply find good deposits and grind it up for enrichment.

Molybdenite is one of the few sulphides with natural floatability, but why is its recovery less than 35%?

Quartz is the most hydrophilic mineral, but if crushed too much, it will float on the surface of the water. 

How can you explain this? I did a lot of calculations, I have the answer to these questions.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

 

I think that the future lies in the processing of porphyry ores

 I think that the future lies in the processing of porphyry ores. This is the most promising direction for the development of reagents or the development of other separation methods. Flotation is a very good direction too, but we need a large range of reagents. What do you think about this issue?

  I think we need a very wide range of reagents. Chemical companies must produce reagents for porphyry ores. I have seen 50 year old patents from some well known reagent manufacturers on the internet. I liked them. They exist. The experts tried. So give us those reagents. We really need them. It's time to get on the right track.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

"Petrovsky's Matrix" will make for you a breakthrough in future of mining today!

"Petrovsky's Matrix" will make for you a breakthrough in future of mining today!
Who can use the "Mineral Benefication Information System" and the "Petrovsky's Matrix"?
⦁ Banks, Exchanges, Investment funds, Investors, Angels, Shareholders. Risk calculation
⦁ Economists. Calculation of profit
⦁ Metallurgists, concentrators, technologists, design companies. Creation of technologies for ore processing
⦁ Geologists, shareholders. Determination of the effectiveness of deposite
⦁ Research metallurgical laboratories. Researching
⦁ Owners of existing plants. Reconstruction and modernization of the plant
⦁ Mineralogists. Geologists. Determination of perspective, critical, strategic minerals
⦁ Reagents sellers, plants. Selection of reagents
⦁ Manufacturers of equipment. Creation of new equipment and new applications for existing equipment
⦁ Manufacturers of reagents. Creation of new reagents
⦁ The creators of technology. Creation of new technologies
⦁ Universities, scientists, researchers, specialists. Simulation and modeling of ore benefication processes and systems
⦁ Design companies, the creators of technology, metallurgists, concentrators, technologists, scientists, researchers, specialists. The choice of the method for the separation of minerals

Are you tired of the fact that your employees can not solve the elementary tasks? You spend a lot of money on their training, conferences, exchange of experience. But do they go to the laboratory as at the Stone Age and for years can not solve elementary problems? Moreover, employees do not have the appropriate basic skills and knowledge to solve complex modern problems.

Do not be discouraged! "
Using the "Petrovsky's Matrix", any of you can make the necessary calculations in a few hours. You do not need to study, read mountains of scientific literature, have special education and specific knowledge. We did it for you.
Petrovsky's Matrix" will make for you a breakthrough in future of mining today!

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

 

 

I made these calculations. What do you think?

 PROSPECTIVE RARE METALS:
Rare Light Metals: Beryllium (Be)
Rare Refractory Metals: Rhenium (Re), Hafnium (Hf), Tantalum (Ta), Tungsten (W)
Rare Trace Metals: Germanium (Ge), Indium (In), Gallium (Ga), Tellurium (Te), Selenium (Se)
Rare Earth Metals: Terbium (Tb), Dysprosium (Dy), Praseodymium (Pr), Neodymium (Nd), Europium (Eu), Yttrium (Y), Scandium (Sc), Erbium (Er)
Rare Radioactive Metals: Uranium (U)

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

 

What do you think is better: Izmaylovskaya mafia or the FSB?

37. #323 David Reuben (United Kingdom) - aluminum, steel, copper, recycling scrap metals
38. #323 Simon Reuben (United Kingdom) - aluminum, steel, copper
In 1997, Russia's Interior Minister Anatoly Kulikov linked both the Cherney brothers and Reuben brothers to the Izmaylovskaya mafia led by Anton Malevsky in Israel. In March 1998, Boris Yeltsin replaced Kulikov as minister.
In the early 1990s, the brothers invested in the Russian metals market. When Russian aluminum smelters were incapacitated by debt, Reuben company Trans World entered into tolling arrangements with factories in which they paid for and delivered raw materials in return for finished aluminum, which it then sold for profit.[9] The company's investment in Russia was US$1.5 billion (£870 million), with global sales in 1995 above US$8 billion.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

WILL DIPLOMAS AND CERTIFICATES HELP YOU BECOME A BILLIONAIRE IN MINING AND METALLURGY? YES, IF IT IS DIPLOMAS OF ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS!

 100 out of 1000 billionaires invest in mining or metallurgy. This is 10%.

Out of 100 billionaires:
80 % have college and university diplomas;

3-4 % studied but did not graduate;
17-18 %  have no university education;
2-3 % have no school education.
This did not stop them from becoming billionaires.

80 billionaires have over 110 diplomas. Of them:
Engineer, bachelor - 62 %;
Master - 24 %
Doctors of science - 14 %.

Billionaires are diplomas in the following specialties:
Economics, business, management - 51 %;
Law, jurisprudence - 9 %;
Metallurgy, mining - 6 % (only billionaires from Russia);
Other - 34 %.

14 Doctors of Science in the following specialties (15 diplomas):
Economics - 27 %;
Math and physics - 20 %;
Metallurgy and mining - 13 % (only billionaires from Russia);
Jurisprudence - 13 %;
Other - 27 %.

For those studying economics, the mind works in a completely different way.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

Where is the modern George Hearst?

 For example, there are a lot of reserves in the USA. And there are billionaires from other countries who have mining operations in the US. Why are there so few US billionaires? Where is the modern George Hearst?

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

It's all about tradition

 Let me explain the situation to you.
IMHO, It's all about tradition.
Who in America runs the businesses? Managers, economists and lawyers. They don't care what they manage. For example, John Sculley doesn't care what he manages, Coca Cola or Apple. He managed to fire company founder Steve Jobs!
In Russia, enterprises are traditionally run by specialists. That is, mining enterprises are managed by professional miners, metallurgical enterprises by metallurgists, chemical enterprises by chemists, and so on.
Therefore, with a small number of universities in the ranking, the number of billionaires is much larger.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya 

 

IMHO, Barrick Gold and Rio Tinto are the two most unlucky and inefficient companies in the last 10 years

IMHO, Barrick Gold and Rio Tinto are the two most unlucky and inefficient companies in the last 10 years. They have continuous litigation and financial losses. 

The billionaire Georgr Soros invested in Barrick Gold  twice and lost his money twice.

In the same way, Rio Tinto searched for diamonds in Russia to no avail.

I am not a person who is interested in the situation and I don’t care, let them look for what they want. I'm just curious.
What do Barrick Gold and Rio Tinto hope to find where others could not find?

I expressed my personal opinion, which may not coincide with official estimates.

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

 

Why didn't anyone give an award to the Ukrainians and Russians?

 A few years ago, Barry Wills and friends gave an award to Australians for WANTING to install dry separation equipment. Installed? Why didn't anyone give an award to the Ukrainians and Russians, who have been using this equipment for several decades? You are long behind

In my personal opinion, Australia has the lowest level of education in mining

 In my personal opinion, Australia has the lowest level of education in mining. And they teach everyone!? It seems to me that if  Gina Rinehart had not left the Australian University, she would have ruined her father's entire empire.

 In Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Ukraine, all third-year students must be able to make statistical calculations. No student will graduate from university if he cannot do calculations. Is education in America really that bad? Why do students pay for their studies at the university, and then have to pay again for courses in elementary calculations.

 What are sustainaible minerals?

 Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya